Interlocking shingle construction



Dec. 26, 1933. H. c. NATERMAN 1,

INTERLOCKING SHINGLE CONSTRUCTION Filed Dec. 22, 1950 A/Zjz ZNVENTOR.

fkmy Miermdn ATTORNEY.

Patented Dec. 26, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Application December 22, 1930 Serial No. 504,005

3 Claims.

This invention relates to an interlocking shingle construction.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved means for maintaining the shingles of a roof in a proper locked relation to each other, whether said shingles are made of a roofing paper composition or of other relatively thin sheet material having suflicient flexibility to enable the interlocking portions to engage each other properly.

Another object of the invention is to produce a novel covering for roofs, the individual shingles of which it consists being'provided with corner portions which are cut in such a manner as to provide for quick and convenient interlocking engagement with each other as the roof is being laid, and which will, be a substantial aid in keeping the roof in place after it has been laid.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a shingle so constructed that in laying the shingles upon the roof, each shingle is provided with a stop shoulder which is adapted to engage an adjacent shingle in such a manner as to properly position successive shingles as they are laid in place. This feature safeguards against the possibility of mislaying the shingles or of laying upon a given roof area a number of shingles in excess of that which has been previously computed to be the proper number for such a roof area.

A still further object of the invention is to provide an improved construction of overlapping right and left hand edges for the shingles, these edges being so constructed and arranged that an additional safeguard is provided against leakage.

Other objects, advantagesand features of invention may hereinafter appear.

Referring to the accompanying drawing which illustrates what is at present deemed to be a preferred embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a small roof area showing the comer portions of two shingles which are fashioned in accordance with the principles of the invention and are shown in assembled formation.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of a single shingle showing the same on a smaller scale.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of a shingle assembly showing a plurality of the shinglespatterned as in Fig. 3, assembled to form an area of roof covering.

Fig. 5 is a fragmental plan view of a modified form of the shingle.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of a fragment of the shingle illustrating the terminal portion of the interlocking cut.

Referring in detail to the drawing, each shingle comprises a body portion '7 which, as illustrated in the drawing, is of a generally rhomboid shape, although considerable variations in the relative lengths of the sides is possible without 85 departing from the spirit of the invention as hereinafter claimed.

Viewing the shingle as shown in Fig. 3, adjacent the lower left hand corner thereof the same is provided with an ear 8 which projects from the left end thereof. Below said ear 8 the corner portion of the shingle is preferably provided with an outwardly inclined edge 9 which forms an obtuse angle with the lower edge 11 of said ear 8. The lower edge 11 of said ear is shown longer than the upper edge 12 thereof and these two edges 11 and 12 are connected by an end edge 13 which is shown extending in a direction parallel to the main edge 14 of the adjacent end of the shingle. 1

At the right end of the shingle as viewed in Fig. 3 it is provided with a main inclined end edge 20 which is shown as parallel to the opposite main end edge 14. At the lower edge-of the shingle the right end thereof is provided with a short edge 21 which marks off the end portion of anextension 21a and which is inclined in parallelism with the corresponding edge 9 at the other end of the shingle. Between said edges 20 and 21 is provided a recess 25 which corresponds approximately in shape and size to' the ear 11 at the other end of the shingle. Leading from the upper edge of the recess 25 is an inclined downwardly directed curved or arcuate cut 30 the lower end portion of which alines with the edge 28 at the lower side of said recess 25.

The recess 25 and arcuate cut 30 adjacent thereto combine to form at the right end of the shingle seen in Fig. 3 an upwardly directed flap 31 which facilitates the assembling of the 100 shingles and which, together with the extension 21a isconcealed when the roofing has been laid, although leftward from this point the lower edge portion of the shingle is exposed.

Referring to the shingle assembly shown in 10 Fig. 4, with regard to the two shingles of the lower course thereshown, the only part of the left hand end edge of the right" hand shingle which is exposed to view is the short cut or edge 9 which islocated below the car 11 (see Fig. 3). 110

Above said short edge 9 is seen the arcuate cut 30 where it forms a part of the edge of the left hand shingle, and above said out 30 appears the main right hand edge 20 of the left hand shingle. In Fig. 4 the dotted arrow 8 points toward the ear of the left hand shingle likewise lettered in Fig. 3 where it appears in full lines, and the dotted line 14 indicates the continuation of the left hand end edge of the same shingle.

The shingles are all shown out according to the same pattern. Each shingle, speaking of it as if in position upon the roof, has an ear 8 projecting from its left hand end near its lower edge and has a recess cut into its right hand end near its lower edge, the ear of one shingle being adapted to enter the corresponding recess of another shingle and thereby project beyond said recess and underneath the adjacent part of the shingle which is provided with the recess.

In order to safeguard the edge portion of the shingle from tearing at the inner end of the arcuate cut 30, said out is at its termination provided with a small, preferably circular, portion 303: (seeFig 1) which provides more room for the interlocking edge of the adjacent shingle when the latter is inserted into said arcuate out.

When the shingles are assembled in successive courses suflicient overlap is provided, as shown, to prevent leakage.

The shingle assembly will be secured to the underlying portion of the roof by means of the usual broad-headed nails or tacks, (not shown) provided for this purpose, or by any other manner of securing means.

The outline of the end edge portion of each shingle is of such a character that when the shingles are successively or simultaneously cut out of a parent strip the end edge portions of two shingles will be complementary. The arcuate cut 30 may be made at the same time that the shingles are cut out from the parent strips. The provision of an arcuate cut at one side of the flap which curves away from the flap, provides the flap 31 with a less pointed, more substantial upwardly .directed portion than would be produced if a straight edge substituted for the arcuate out.

From Fig. 4' it will be seenthat owing to the rhomboidal character of each shingle, the exposed end edges 20 do not pass directly down the roof surface but together with the overlying end edges 14 are inclined in such a manner as more effectively to prevent leakage by reason of water creeping in underneath the shingles. This leakpreventing feature is rendered more effective by reason of the fact that each edge 14 and 20 extends down the roof to a point beyond the upper edge of. the overlying course of shingles as shown in Fig. 4.

In Fig. 5 is illustrated a modified form of the shingle wherein the recess 25:: is formed by removing the flap or ear 31 shown in the form of the shingle first described, thus increasing the depth of said recess. This recess 25:: is complementary to the ear or projection 82: so that the same cut whichforms the recess for one shingle will form the projection for the other without waste of material. The outer appearance of the assembled shingles is the same when this modified form is used as with the form first described.

In the form of the invention shown in Fig. 3 and also in the form thereof shown in Fig. 5, the recess 25 (or 25:2) is located nearer to one side of the shingle than to the other side thereof, but is positioned at a distance from the side to which it is adjacent and in each instance the recess has side edges which extend obliquely with relation to the length of the shingle and which converge toward the mid-width thereof. These converging edges aid in directing the ear of one shingle into the recess of another. As the recess is located at a distance from both side edges of the shingle, when the ear is inserted thereinto it prevents relative edge-wise movement in both directions of the shingles thus locked together.

I claim:

1. Roofing construction of shingles, each of said shingles being of a generally rhomboidal shape, each shingle having at one end adjacent its lower edge a projecting ear, and having at its other end adjacent its lower edge a recessed portion, the ear of one of said shingles being adapted to interlock with the recess of the adjacent shingle and underlie the edge of said recess when the shingles are assembled upon the roof, there being an arcuate out which leads from each of said recesses into the adjacent part of the shingle provided therewith thus forming a flap which is directed toward the midwidth of the shingle in order to facilitate the insertion of the cars into interlocking relation with the recessed portions of the shingles, said arcuate out being curved away from said flap to increase ,the width thereof and to render the upper portion thereof less pointed.

2. Roofing consisting of shingles of substantially the same design, each of said shingles being of a generally rhomboidal shape, each shingle having at one end a recess which is located nearer to one than to the other side edge of the shingle but at a distane from the edge to which it is nearest, each shingle having at its opposite end in a like transverse location to said recess a projecting ear thus providing that the ear of one shingle is adapted to interlock with the edge of the adjacent shingle and underlie the edge of said recess, there being a flap formed at the end edge of the shingle adjacent to said recess, said flap being overlapped by said projecting ear when the shingles are assembled upon the roof.

3. Roofing consisting of shingles of substantially the same design, each of said shingles being of a generally rhomboidal shape, each shingle having at one end a recess which is located nearer to one than to the other side edge of the shingle but at a distance from the edge to which it is nearest, each shingle liaving at its opposite end in a like transverse location to said recess a projecting ear thus providing that the ear of one shingle is adapted to interlock with the edge of the adjacent shingle and underlie the edge of said recess, there being a cut leading from the inner portion of said recess toward the adjacent side edge of the shingle which forms a flap at that edge of the shingle, said flap being overlapped by said projecting ear when the shingles are assembled upon the roof.

HENRY C. NA'IERMAN. 

